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	<title>Comments on: Is DNA testing that traces African tribe heritage for African-Americans accurate and credible?</title>
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	<link>http://www.lifemapdna.com/is-dna-testing-that-traces-african-tribe-heritage-for-african-americans-accurate-and-credible.html</link>
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		<title>By: Enoch</title>
		<link>http://www.lifemapdna.com/is-dna-testing-that-traces-african-tribe-heritage-for-african-americans-accurate-and-credible.html/comment-page-1#comment-5267</link>
		<dc:creator>Enoch</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 09 Oct 2010 16:59:39 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.lifemapdna.com/is-dna-testing-that-traces-african-tribe-heritage-for-african-americans-accurate-and-credible.html#comment-5267</guid>
		<description>The west indies are very racially mixed and most so called Africans there have high Amerindian blood as proven by recent testing in puerto Rico and Cuba.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The west indies are very racially mixed and most so called Africans there have high Amerindian blood as proven by recent testing in puerto Rico and Cuba.</p>
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		<title>By: Charlie P</title>
		<link>http://www.lifemapdna.com/is-dna-testing-that-traces-african-tribe-heritage-for-african-americans-accurate-and-credible.html/comment-page-1#comment-114</link>
		<dc:creator>Charlie P</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 06 Sep 2009 19:14:50 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.lifemapdna.com/is-dna-testing-that-traces-african-tribe-heritage-for-african-americans-accurate-and-credible.html#comment-114</guid>
		<description>It is both scientifically accurate and more than credible.  For more info http://www.dnaancestryproject.com/</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>It is both scientifically accurate and more than credible.  For more info <a href="http://www.dnaancestryproject.com/" rel="nofollow">http://www.dnaancestryproject.com/</a></p>
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		<title>By: Stupid_People_Annoy_Me</title>
		<link>http://www.lifemapdna.com/is-dna-testing-that-traces-african-tribe-heritage-for-african-americans-accurate-and-credible.html/comment-page-1#comment-115</link>
		<dc:creator>Stupid_People_Annoy_Me</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 06 Sep 2009 19:14:50 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.lifemapdna.com/is-dna-testing-that-traces-african-tribe-heritage-for-african-americans-accurate-and-credible.html#comment-115</guid>
		<description>Oprah had hers traced back on an episode of The History Detectives (PBS). She was traced back to Europe instead of Africa.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Oprah had hers traced back on an episode of The History Detectives (PBS). She was traced back to Europe instead of Africa.</p>
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		<title>By: dimitris k</title>
		<link>http://www.lifemapdna.com/is-dna-testing-that-traces-african-tribe-heritage-for-african-americans-accurate-and-credible.html/comment-page-1#comment-116</link>
		<dc:creator>dimitris k</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 06 Sep 2009 19:14:50 +0000</pubDate>
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		<description>Richard Dawkins in his book &quot;The Ancestor&#039;s Tale&quot; has a long explanation about why these tests are not accurate. He says clearly that from a scientific point of view this is a hoax and people are being cheated. I am not a specialist but his explanation seems convincing.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Richard Dawkins in his book &quot;The Ancestor&#8217;s Tale&quot; has a long explanation about why these tests are not accurate. He says clearly that from a scientific point of view this is a hoax and people are being cheated. I am not a specialist but his explanation seems convincing.</p>
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		<title>By: grannytoad</title>
		<link>http://www.lifemapdna.com/is-dna-testing-that-traces-african-tribe-heritage-for-african-americans-accurate-and-credible.html/comment-page-1#comment-117</link>
		<dc:creator>grannytoad</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 06 Sep 2009 19:14:50 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.lifemapdna.com/is-dna-testing-that-traces-african-tribe-heritage-for-african-americans-accurate-and-credible.html#comment-117</guid>
		<description>As I understand it: I would think that if male, that is, yDNA were tested for specific markers, and those same markers were found in a population with a statistically large enough sample within an identified African group, then it may be possible. The likelihood of that is very very slim. 

Deep ancestry via DNA testing means at least 10,000 years ago a haplotype was concentrated geographically in some part of a continent or parts of continents.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>As I understand it: I would think that if male, that is, yDNA were tested for specific markers, and those same markers were found in a population with a statistically large enough sample within an identified African group, then it may be possible. The likelihood of that is very very slim. </p>
<p>Deep ancestry via DNA testing means at least 10,000 years ago a haplotype was concentrated geographically in some part of a continent or parts of continents.</p>
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		<title>By: Laura B</title>
		<link>http://www.lifemapdna.com/is-dna-testing-that-traces-african-tribe-heritage-for-african-americans-accurate-and-credible.html/comment-page-1#comment-118</link>
		<dc:creator>Laura B</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 06 Sep 2009 19:14:50 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.lifemapdna.com/is-dna-testing-that-traces-african-tribe-heritage-for-african-americans-accurate-and-credible.html#comment-118</guid>
		<description>DNA testing is only reliable and credible when done by Labs that are reliable and credible.  You must have a family member in both places.  A general population search would be worthless.  But, if you can trace your ancestry thru bloodlines and names and places back to a point of origin you have a shot at it.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>DNA testing is only reliable and credible when done by Labs that are reliable and credible.  You must have a family member in both places.  A general population search would be worthless.  But, if you can trace your ancestry thru bloodlines and names and places back to a point of origin you have a shot at it.</p>
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		<title>By: mixedraceperson</title>
		<link>http://www.lifemapdna.com/is-dna-testing-that-traces-african-tribe-heritage-for-african-americans-accurate-and-credible.html/comment-page-1#comment-119</link>
		<dc:creator>mixedraceperson</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 06 Sep 2009 19:14:50 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.lifemapdna.com/is-dna-testing-that-traces-african-tribe-heritage-for-african-americans-accurate-and-credible.html#comment-119</guid>
		<description>.

Our society really needs to try to begin to understand that 
the &#039;African-American&#039; (AA) &#039;Ethnic&#039; group is *not* the 
same group as the ’Black American&#039; (BA) &#039;Race&#039; group -- 
that the two (2) terms are *not* synonymous and that the 
two (2) terms should *not* be used inter-changeably.

We are *not* speaking of ‘semantics’ here – but rather 
– the BAs &amp; AAs are two different groups of people.

The AAs are the (largely Mixed-Race) ETHNIC group.

The BAs are the (Mono-Raced) RACE group.

As confusing as it seems -- the U.S. government 
[due to racism &amp; wanting to stigmatize the part 
of their lineage that was from Africa which, by 
the way, is only one part of their lineage] --- 

has labeled those individuals who are the known 
&quot;descendents of the survivors&quot; of the system of 
chattel-slavery found in the USA as being AAs 
(the hyphen is used in reference to acknowledging 
the fact that most of them are Mixed-Race, 
with African &amp; non-African blood lines) 

AND 

has labeled those people who are &quot;volitional immigrants&quot; 
who are directly from places such as the continent of 
African, the West Indies, etc. -- as being BAs
(with the word &#039;Black&#039; used in reference to acknowledging 
the fact that they are of a Mono-racial full-Black lineage).

In addition, it should also be remembered that – although 
some AAs adhere to a socio-political ‘identity’ that is 
often described by the slang term of “black”—the AAs 
are actually *not* a &quot;Race&quot; group at all -- but rather 
they *are* a largely Mixed-Race &#039;Ethnic&#039; group
 (and the socio-political ‘identity’ that a person chooses 
*does not* change their racially-mixed ancestral lineage).

Most (+70%) of the people born to two (2) parents who 
are of the AA ‘Ethnic’ group are are of a Multi-Racially 
‘Mixed’ (MGM) lineage – while the people to two (2) 
parents who are of the BA ‘Racial’ group – on the 
other hand – are of a Mono-Racially ‘Black’ lineage.

There is a big difference between a largely Multi-racial 
&#039;Ethnic&#039; group and between a Mono-racial &#039;Race group.

In addition, there is also a big difference between 
one&#039;s socio-political &#039;identity&#039; (ex. &quot;black&quot;) and 
one&#039;s ancestral racial &#039;lineage&#039; (ex. &#039;Mixed&#039;).

Just because a person adheres to a given 
socio-political &#039;identity&#039; does *not* change 
the composition of their ancestral &#039;lineage&#039;.

Also -- the &#039;One-Drop&#039; Rule (the false teaching that 
&#039;any amount&#039; of Black ancestral lineage make a 
person &quot;full black&quot;) is nothing more than pure-racism.

The racist &#039;One-Drop Rule&#039; (used only by the United 
States government, by the way) was created during
the antebellum, chattel-slavery era by White racial 
supremacist in order to get people to believe the false 
racist myth that the so-called White &quot;race&quot; was &quot;pure&quot; 
and to falsely view the Black &quot;racial&quot; admixture 
(even the slightest amount) within someone&#039;s 
ancestral lineage as being &quot;tainted&quot;.

To embrace the &#039;One-Drop Rule&#039; is the equivalent of BOTH 
embracing &quot;racism&quot; and embracing the false teaching 
that a Mixed-Race person&#039;s Black lineage is &quot;tainted&quot;.

My advice is that a non-Racist should *not* embrace 
the concept of the &#039;One-Drop Rule&#039; -- as &quot;Black blood&quot; 
is *not* &quot;tainted&quot; -- and should never be perceived 
or embraced as being so (not even in the 
name of so-called &quot;pride&quot; and &quot;unity&quot;).

In addition, legally-speaking, attempted forcible 
application of the racist &#039;One-Drop Rule&#039; -- against 
any individual or group -- was made illegal and ruled 
as unconstitutional by the United States Supreme Court 
in 1967 via the case of &#039;Loving vs. The State of Virginia&#039;.

Through the &#039;Loving vs. Virginia&#039; case, the U.S. 
Supreme Court, ruled against both all of the laws 
banning Interracial marriage -- and -- also ruled 
that any so-called law which forcibly applied the 
&#039;One Drop Rule&#039; -- was racist, discriminatory, 
illegal, unconstitutional, and non-enforcible.

http://groups.yahoo.com/group/Generation-Mixed/message/1402 

http://groups.yahoo.com/group/Generation-Mixed/message/1400

Related Links:

http://groups.yahoo.com/group/Generation-Mixed
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/MGM-Mixed 
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/FGM-Mixed

------------------------PLEASE NOTE---------------------

--- Dr. Luigi Caveli-Sforza, who is the Executive 
Director of the Human Genome Project and the 
world&#039;s foremost authority on human genetics
has both tested and proven that more that 70% 
of all AAs have a full ancestral lineage which 
consists of +20-30% White / European and 
more than +25% Amerindian bloodlines.

--- That means that the &#039;average&#039; (+70%) person 
born to two (2) parents who are both members 
of the AA Ethnic group actually has slightly 
less than 50% Black / African blood lineage 
found in his or her full-ancestral lineage.

For more information -- see supporting links listed below:

http://groups.yahoo.com/group/Generation-Mixed/message/1399
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/Generation-Mixed/message/1032
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/Generation-Mixed/message/1034
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/Generation-Mixed/message/991
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/Generation-Mixed/message/1570
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/Generation-Mixed/message/1573

--------------------------- ADDED NOTE ---------------------

It should also be noted that -- contrary to popular belief and 
myth spread among many groups who are not educated or 
informed on the whole topic -- it was not the group that is 
currently being referred to as being the African-Americans 
(AAs) -- who chose this term for them -- but rather -- 
like so many of the other terms used to describe 
them -- this term was also implemented by 
the United States federal government 
(starting with the 1990 United 
States &#039;Census Bureau&#039; Forms).

If a person insists on spreading the &#039;myth&#039; that it was the 
AAs who chose this term for themselves -- it is clearly 
indicative of the fact that they have never even once 
actually studied the entire topic and are simply basing
their comments on assumption-based ignorance --
rather than objective facts and empirical evidence.

.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>.</p>
<p>Our society really needs to try to begin to understand that<br />
the &#8216;African-American&#8217; (AA) &#8216;Ethnic&#8217; group is *not* the<br />
same group as the ’Black American&#8217; (BA) &#8216;Race&#8217; group &#8212;<br />
that the two (2) terms are *not* synonymous and that the<br />
two (2) terms should *not* be used inter-changeably.</p>
<p>We are *not* speaking of ‘semantics’ here – but rather<br />
– the BAs &amp; AAs are two different groups of people.</p>
<p>The AAs are the (largely Mixed-Race) ETHNIC group.</p>
<p>The BAs are the (Mono-Raced) RACE group.</p>
<p>As confusing as it seems &#8212; the U.S. government<br />
[due to racism &amp; wanting to stigmatize the part<br />
of their lineage that was from Africa which, by<br />
the way, is only one part of their lineage] &#8212; </p>
<p>has labeled those individuals who are the known<br />
&quot;descendents of the survivors&quot; of the system of<br />
chattel-slavery found in the USA as being AAs<br />
(the hyphen is used in reference to acknowledging<br />
the fact that most of them are Mixed-Race,<br />
with African &amp; non-African blood lines) </p>
<p>AND </p>
<p>has labeled those people who are &quot;volitional immigrants&quot;<br />
who are directly from places such as the continent of<br />
African, the West Indies, etc. &#8212; as being BAs<br />
(with the word &#8216;Black&#8217; used in reference to acknowledging<br />
the fact that they are of a Mono-racial full-Black lineage).</p>
<p>In addition, it should also be remembered that – although<br />
some AAs adhere to a socio-political ‘identity’ that is<br />
often described by the slang term of “black”—the AAs<br />
are actually *not* a &quot;Race&quot; group at all &#8212; but rather<br />
they *are* a largely Mixed-Race &#8216;Ethnic&#8217; group<br />
 (and the socio-political ‘identity’ that a person chooses<br />
*does not* change their racially-mixed ancestral lineage).</p>
<p>Most (+70%) of the people born to two (2) parents who<br />
are of the AA ‘Ethnic’ group are are of a Multi-Racially<br />
‘Mixed’ (MGM) lineage – while the people to two (2)<br />
parents who are of the BA ‘Racial’ group – on the<br />
other hand – are of a Mono-Racially ‘Black’ lineage.</p>
<p>There is a big difference between a largely Multi-racial<br />
&#8216;Ethnic&#8217; group and between a Mono-racial &#8216;Race group.</p>
<p>In addition, there is also a big difference between<br />
one&#8217;s socio-political &#8216;identity&#8217; (ex. &quot;black&quot;) and<br />
one&#8217;s ancestral racial &#8216;lineage&#8217; (ex. &#8216;Mixed&#8217;).</p>
<p>Just because a person adheres to a given<br />
socio-political &#8216;identity&#8217; does *not* change<br />
the composition of their ancestral &#8216;lineage&#8217;.</p>
<p>Also &#8212; the &#8216;One-Drop&#8217; Rule (the false teaching that<br />
&#8216;any amount&#8217; of Black ancestral lineage make a<br />
person &quot;full black&quot;) is nothing more than pure-racism.</p>
<p>The racist &#8216;One-Drop Rule&#8217; (used only by the United<br />
States government, by the way) was created during<br />
the antebellum, chattel-slavery era by White racial<br />
supremacist in order to get people to believe the false<br />
racist myth that the so-called White &quot;race&quot; was &quot;pure&quot;<br />
and to falsely view the Black &quot;racial&quot; admixture<br />
(even the slightest amount) within someone&#8217;s<br />
ancestral lineage as being &quot;tainted&quot;.</p>
<p>To embrace the &#8216;One-Drop Rule&#8217; is the equivalent of BOTH<br />
embracing &quot;racism&quot; and embracing the false teaching<br />
that a Mixed-Race person&#8217;s Black lineage is &quot;tainted&quot;.</p>
<p>My advice is that a non-Racist should *not* embrace<br />
the concept of the &#8216;One-Drop Rule&#8217; &#8212; as &quot;Black blood&quot;<br />
is *not* &quot;tainted&quot; &#8212; and should never be perceived<br />
or embraced as being so (not even in the<br />
name of so-called &quot;pride&quot; and &quot;unity&quot;).</p>
<p>In addition, legally-speaking, attempted forcible<br />
application of the racist &#8216;One-Drop Rule&#8217; &#8212; against<br />
any individual or group &#8212; was made illegal and ruled<br />
as unconstitutional by the United States Supreme Court<br />
in 1967 via the case of &#8216;Loving vs. The State of Virginia&#8217;.</p>
<p>Through the &#8216;Loving vs. Virginia&#8217; case, the U.S.<br />
Supreme Court, ruled against both all of the laws<br />
banning Interracial marriage &#8212; and &#8212; also ruled<br />
that any so-called law which forcibly applied the<br />
&#8216;One Drop Rule&#8217; &#8212; was racist, discriminatory,<br />
illegal, unconstitutional, and non-enforcible.</p>
<p><a href="http://groups.yahoo.com/group/Generation-Mixed/message/1402" rel="nofollow">http://groups.yahoo.com/group/Generation-Mixed/message/1402</a> </p>
<p><a href="http://groups.yahoo.com/group/Generation-Mixed/message/1400" rel="nofollow">http://groups.yahoo.com/group/Generation-Mixed/message/1400</a></p>
<p>Related Links:</p>
<p><a href="http://groups.yahoo.com/group/Generation-Mixed" rel="nofollow">http://groups.yahoo.com/group/Generation-Mixed</a><br />
<a href="http://groups.yahoo.com/group/MGM-Mixed" rel="nofollow">http://groups.yahoo.com/group/MGM-Mixed</a><br />
<a href="http://groups.yahoo.com/group/FGM-Mixed" rel="nofollow">http://groups.yahoo.com/group/FGM-Mixed</a></p>
<p>&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;PLEASE NOTE&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;</p>
<p>&#8212; Dr. Luigi Caveli-Sforza, who is the Executive<br />
Director of the Human Genome Project and the<br />
world&#8217;s foremost authority on human genetics<br />
has both tested and proven that more that 70%<br />
of all AAs have a full ancestral lineage which<br />
consists of +20-30% White / European and<br />
more than +25% Amerindian bloodlines.</p>
<p>&#8212; That means that the &#8216;average&#8217; (+70%) person<br />
born to two (2) parents who are both members<br />
of the AA Ethnic group actually has slightly<br />
less than 50% Black / African blood lineage<br />
found in his or her full-ancestral lineage.</p>
<p>For more information &#8212; see supporting links listed below:</p>
<p><a href="http://groups.yahoo.com/group/Generation-Mixed/message/1399" rel="nofollow">http://groups.yahoo.com/group/Generation-Mixed/message/1399</a><br />
<a href="http://groups.yahoo.com/group/Generation-Mixed/message/1032" rel="nofollow">http://groups.yahoo.com/group/Generation-Mixed/message/1032</a><br />
<a href="http://groups.yahoo.com/group/Generation-Mixed/message/1034" rel="nofollow">http://groups.yahoo.com/group/Generation-Mixed/message/1034</a><br />
<a href="http://groups.yahoo.com/group/Generation-Mixed/message/991" rel="nofollow">http://groups.yahoo.com/group/Generation-Mixed/message/991</a><br />
<a href="http://groups.yahoo.com/group/Generation-Mixed/message/1570" rel="nofollow">http://groups.yahoo.com/group/Generation-Mixed/message/1570</a><br />
<a href="http://groups.yahoo.com/group/Generation-Mixed/message/1573" rel="nofollow">http://groups.yahoo.com/group/Generation-Mixed/message/1573</a></p>
<p>&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212; ADDED NOTE &#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;</p>
<p>It should also be noted that &#8212; contrary to popular belief and<br />
myth spread among many groups who are not educated or<br />
informed on the whole topic &#8212; it was not the group that is<br />
currently being referred to as being the African-Americans<br />
(AAs) &#8212; who chose this term for them &#8212; but rather &#8212;<br />
like so many of the other terms used to describe<br />
them &#8212; this term was also implemented by<br />
the United States federal government<br />
(starting with the 1990 United<br />
States &#8216;Census Bureau&#8217; Forms).</p>
<p>If a person insists on spreading the &#8216;myth&#8217; that it was the<br />
AAs who chose this term for themselves &#8212; it is clearly<br />
indicative of the fact that they have never even once<br />
actually studied the entire topic and are simply basing<br />
their comments on assumption-based ignorance &#8211;<br />
rather than objective facts and empirical evidence.</p>
<p>.</p>
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		<title>By: Jayman</title>
		<link>http://www.lifemapdna.com/is-dna-testing-that-traces-african-tribe-heritage-for-african-americans-accurate-and-credible.html/comment-page-1#comment-120</link>
		<dc:creator>Jayman</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 06 Sep 2009 19:14:50 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.lifemapdna.com/is-dna-testing-that-traces-african-tribe-heritage-for-african-americans-accurate-and-credible.html#comment-120</guid>
		<description>Ask Opera.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Ask Opera.</p>
]]></content:encoded>
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